What are the ship's equipment?

Release time:

2023-11-13 14:41

Before sailing on the water, the ship shall be equipped with complete sets of power plants and auxiliary equipment that meet the specified requirements. These power units include marine main power units, auxiliary power units, steam boilers, refrigeration and air conditioning units, compressed air units, fairlead rollers, fairleads, bollards, marine pumps and piping systems, water generating devices and automation systems.

1. Main power unit

The main power unit of the ship is also called the "main engine". It is the heart of the ship, but also the ship power equipment. The important part. Mainly include:

(1) Ship main engine

The common name of a propulsion engine, including various pumps, heat exchangers, pipes, etc. serving the main engine. At present, the main engines of merchant ships are mainly marine diesel engines, followed by steam turbines.

(2) Transmission device

The device that transmits the power of the main engine to the propeller, in addition to transmitting power, can also play the role of deceleration and shock absorption. The ship can also change the direction of rotation of the propeller by means of a transmission. The transmission equipment varies slightly depending on the host model. It is generally composed of reducer, clutch, coupling, coupling, thrust bearing and ship shaft.

(3) shafting and propeller

Propellers are used in ship propulsion. A wide range of fixed-distance or adjustable-distance propellers are used; ship shafting is a device that transmits power from the main engine to the propeller. The main engine of the ship drives the propeller to rotate through the transmission device and the shaft system to generate thrust, and overcomes the hull resistance to make the ship forward or backward.

2. Auxiliary Power Unit

Ship auxiliary power device, also known as "auxiliary engine", refers to the generator on the ship, which provides electrical energy for the ship in normal and emergency situations. The marine power station is composed of mechanical and electrical equipment such as engine unit and switchboard..

(1) Generator set

Power is mainly provided by the diesel engine. Based on the nature and reliability of the ship and the convenience of maintenance and management, large ships are equipped with no less than two diesel generator sets of the same type. Power generation.

In order to save energy, some ships can use the transmission shaft of the main engine to drive the generator to generate electricity (shaft with generator) or use the waste heat of the main exhaust gas to generate low-pressure steam to drive the turbine generator. Set to generate electricity.

(2) Operator

It distributes, controls, transmits, transforms, and transforms electricity to the needs of each electric drive equipment and the life of the ship, lighting, signaling, and communications.

3. Steam boiler

On ships with diesel engines as the main engine, steam boilers are required, which are composed of fuel auxiliary boilers, exhaust gas boilers and their supporting service piping systems and equipment. The auxiliary fuel boiler is to supply some auxiliary steam needs on the ship, such as heating fuel and lubricating oil, heating, domestic water, kitchen, boiling water, etc., and to meet the needs of some auxiliary engine steam.. In order to save energy, the exhaust gas boiler uses the waste heat in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine to generate steam, and only uses the auxiliary fuel boiler when berthing.